अर्जुन उवाचये शास्त्रविधिमुत्सृज्य यजन्ते श्रद्धयाऽन्विताः।तेषां निष्ठा तु का कृष्ण सत्त्वमाहो रजस्तमः
arjuna uvācha
ye śhāstra-vidhim utsṛijya yajante śhraddhayānvitāḥ
teṣhāṁ niṣhṭhā tu kā kṛiṣhṇa sattvam āho rajas tamaḥ
Word by word
arjunaḥ uvācha — Arjun saidye — whośhāstra-vidhim — scriptural injunctionsutsṛijya — disregardyajante — worshipśhraddhayā-anvitāḥ — with faithteṣhām — theirniṣhṭhā — faithtu — indeedkā — whatkṛiṣhṇa — Krishnasattvam — mode of goodnessāho — orrajaḥ — mode of passiontamaḥ — mode of ignorance
English
Arjuna said, "What is the condition of those who, disregarding the injunctions of the scriptures, perform sacrifice with faith—is it Sattva, Rajas, or Tamas, O Krishna?"
अर्जुन ने कहा -- हे कृष्ण ! जो लोग शास्त्रविधि को त्यागकर (केवल) श्रद्धा युक्त यज्ञ (पूजा) करते हैं, उनकी स्थिति (निष्ठा) कौन सी है ?क्या वह सात्त्विक है अथवा राजसिक या तामसिक ?
श्री भगवानुवाचत्रिविधा भवति श्रद्धा देहिनां सा स्वभावजा।सात्त्विकी राजसी चैव तामसी चेति तां श्रृणु
śhrī-bhagavān uvācha
tri-vidhā bhavati śhraddhā dehināṁ sā svabhāva-jā
sāttvikī rājasī chaiva tāmasī cheti tāṁ śhṛiṇu
Word by word
śhrī-bhagavān uvācha — the Supreme Personality saidtri-vidhā — of three kindsbhavati — isśhraddhā — faithdehinām — embodied beingssā — whichsva-bhāva-jā — born of one’s innate naturesāttvikī — of the mode of goodnessrājasī — of the mode of passioncha — andeva — certainlytāmasī — of the mode of ignorancecha — anditi — thustām — about thisśhṛiṇu — hear
English
The Blessed Lord said, "There are threefold faiths inherent in the nature of the embodied: the sattvic (pure), the rajasic (passionate), and the tamasic (dark). Hear of them."
श्री भगवान् ने कहा -- देहधारियों (मनुष्यों) की वह स्वाभाविक (ज्ञानरहित) श्रद्धा तीन प्रकार की - सात्त्विक, राजसिक और तामसिक - होती हैं, उसे तुम मुझसे सुनो।।
सत्त्वानुरूपा सर्वस्य श्रद्धा भवति भारत।श्रद्धामयोऽयं पुरुषो यो यच्छ्रद्धः स एव सः
sattvānurūpā sarvasya śhraddhā bhavati bhārata
śhraddhā-mayo ‘yaṁ puruṣho yo yach-chhraddhaḥ sa eva saḥ
Word by word
sattva-anurūpā — conforming to the nature of one’s mindsarvasya — allśhraddhā — faithbhavati — isbhārata — Arjun, the scion of Bharatśhraddhāmayaḥ — possessing faithayam — thatpuruṣhaḥ — human beingyaḥ — whoyat-śhraddhaḥ — whatever the nature of their faithsaḥ — theireva — verilysaḥ — they
English
The faith of each is in accordance with their nature, O Arjuna. People consist of their faith; as a person's faith is, so are they.
हे भारत सभी मनुष्यों की श्रद्धा उनके सत्त्व (स्वभाव, संस्कार) के अनुरूप होती है। यह पुरुष श्रद्धामय है, इसलिए जो पुरुष जिस श्रद्धा वाला है वह स्वयं भी वही है अर्थात् जैसी जिसकी श्रद्धा वैसा ही उसका स्वरूप होता है।।
यजन्ते सात्त्विका देवान्यक्षरक्षांसि राजसाः।प्रेतान्भूतगणांश्चान्ये यजन्ते तामसा जनाः
yajante sāttvikā devān yakṣha-rakṣhānsi rājasāḥ
pretān bhūta-gaṇānśh chānye yajante tāmasā janāḥ
Word by word
yajante — worshipsāttvikāḥ — those in the mode of goodnessdevān — celestial godsyakṣha — semi-celestial beings who exude power and wealthrakṣhānsi — powerful beings who embody sensual enjoyment, revenge, and wrathrājasāḥ — those in the mode of passionpretān-bhūta-gaṇān — ghosts and spiritscha — andanye — othersyajante — worshiptāmasāḥ — those in the mode of ignorancejanāḥ — persons
English
The sattvic, or pure, men worship the gods; the rajasic, or passionate, worship the yakshas and rakshasas; the others, the tamasic or deluded people, worship ghosts and hosts of nature-spirits.
सात्त्विक पुरुष देवताओं को पूजते हैं और राजस लोग यक्ष और राक्षसों को, तथा अन्य तामसी जन प्रेत और भूतगणों को पूजते हैं।।
अशास्त्रविहितं घोरं तप्यन्ते ये तपो जनाः।दम्भाहङ्कारसंयुक्ताः कामरागबलान्विताः
aśhāstra-vihitaṁ ghoraṁ tapyante ye tapo janāḥ
dambhāhankāra-sanyuktāḥ kāma-rāga-balānvitāḥ
Word by word
aśhāstra-vihitam — not enjoined by the scripturesghoram — sterntapyante — performye — whotapaḥ — austeritiesjanāḥ — peopledambha — hypocrisyahankāra — egotismsanyuktāḥ — possessed ofkāma — desirerāga — attachmentbala — forceanvitāḥ — impelled by
English
Those men who practice terrific austerities not prescribed by the scriptures, given to hypocrisy and egoism, driven by the force of lust and attachment.
जो लोग शास्त्रविधि से रहित घोर तप करते हैं तथा दम्भ, अहंकार, काम और राग से भी युक्त होते हैं।।
कर्षयन्तः शरीरस्थं भूतग्राममचेतसः।मां चैवान्तःशरीरस्थं तान्विद्ध्यासुरनिश्चयान्
karṣhayantaḥ śharīra-sthaṁ bhūta-grāmam achetasaḥ
māṁ chaivāntaḥ śharīra-sthaṁ tān viddhy āsura-niśhchayān
Word by word
karṣhayantaḥ — tormentśharīra-stham — within the bodybhūta-grāmam — elements of the bodyachetasaḥ — senselessmām — mecha — andeva — evenantaḥ — withinśharīra-stham — dwelling in the bodytān — themviddhi — knowāsura-niśhchayān — of demoniacal resolves
English
Know thou these to be of demonical resolves, senselessly torturing all the elements in the body and Me who dwell in the body.
और शरीरस्थ भूतसमुदाय को तथा मुझ अन्तर्यामी को भी कृश करने वाले अर्थात् कष्ट पहुँचाने वाले जो अविवेकी लोग हैं, उन्हें तुम आसुरी निश्चय वाले जानो।।
आहारस्त्वपि सर्वस्य त्रिविधो भवति प्रियः।यज्ञस्तपस्तथा दानं तेषां भेदमिमं श्रृणु
āhāras tv api sarvasya tri-vidho bhavati priyaḥ
yajñas tapas tathā dānaṁ teṣhāṁ bhedam imaṁ śhṛiṇu
Word by word
āhāraḥ — foodtu — indeedapi — evensarvasya — of alltri-vidhaḥ — of three kindsbhavati — ispriyaḥ — dearyajñaḥ — sacrificetapaḥ — austeritytathā — anddānam — charityteṣhām — of thembhedam — distinctionsimam — thisśhṛiṇu — hear
English
The food that is dear to each is threefold, as well as sacrifice, austerity, and almsgiving. Hear the distinction of these.
(अपनीअपनी प्रकृति के अनुसार) सब का प्रिय भोजन भी तीन प्रकार का होता है? उसी प्रकार यज्ञ? तप और दान भी तीन प्रकार के होते हैं? उनके भेद को तुम मुझसे सुनो।।
आयुःसत्त्वबलारोग्यसुखप्रीतिविवर्धनाः।रस्याः स्निग्धाः स्थिरा हृद्या आहाराः सात्त्विकप्रियाः
āyuḥ-sattva-balārogya-sukha-prīti-vivardhanāḥ
rasyāḥ snigdhāḥ sthirā hṛidyā āhārāḥ sāttvika-priyāḥ
Word by word
āyuḥ sattva — which promote longevitybala — strengthārogya — healthsukha — happinessprīti — satisfactionvivardhanāḥ — increaserasyāḥ — juicysnigdhāḥ — succulentsthirāḥ — nourishinghṛidyāḥ — pleasing to the heartāhārāḥ — foodsāttvika-priyāḥ — dear to those in the mode of goodness
English
The foods that increase life, purity, strength, health, joy, and cheerfulness (good appetite), which are savory, oily, substantial, and agreeable, are dear to the Sattvic (pure) people.
आयु, सत्त्व (शुद्धि), बल, आरोग्य, सुख और प्रीति को प्रवृद्ध करने वाले एवं रसयुक्त, स्निग्ध ( घी आदि की चिकनाई से युक्त) स्थिर तथा मन को प्रसन्न करने वाले आहार अर्थात् भोज्य पदार्थ सात्त्विक पुरुषों को प्रिय होते हैं।।
कट्वम्ललवणात्युष्णतीक्ष्णरूक्षविदाहिनः।आहारा राजसस्येष्टा दुःखशोकामयप्रदाः
kaṭv-amla-lavaṇāty-uṣhṇa- tīkṣhṇa-rūkṣha-vidāhinaḥ
āhārā rājasasyeṣhṭā duḥkha-śhokāmaya-pradāḥ
Word by word
kaṭu — bitteramla — sourlavaṇa — saltyati-uṣhṇa — very hottīkṣhṇa — pungentrūkṣha — dryvidāhinaḥ — chilifulāhārāḥ — foodrājasasya — to persons in the mode of passioniṣhṭāḥ — dearduḥkha — painśhoka — griefāmaya — diseasepradāḥ — produce
English
The foods that are bitter, sour, salty, overly hot, pungent, dry, and burning are liked by the Rajasic and are productive of pain, grief, and disease.
कड़वे, खट्टे, लवणयुक्त, अति उष्ण, तीक्ष्ण (तीखे, मिर्च युक्त), रूखे. दाहकारक, दु:ख, शोक और रोग उत्पन्न कारक भोज्य पदार्थ राजस पुरुष को प्रिय होते हैं।।
यातयामं गतरसं पूति पर्युषितं च यत्।उच्छिष्टमपि चामेध्यं भोजनं तामसप्रियम्
yāta-yāmaṁ gata-rasaṁ pūti paryuṣhitaṁ cha yat
uchchhiṣhṭam api chāmedhyaṁ bhojanaṁ tāmasa-priyam
Word by word
yāta-yāmam — stale foodsgata-rasam — tastelesspūti — putridparyuṣhitam — pollutedcha — andyat — whichuchchhiṣhṭam — left overapi — alsocha — andamedhyam — impurebhojanam — foodstāmasa — to persons in the mode of ignorancepriyam — dear
English
That which is stale, tasteless, putrid, rotten, rejected, and impure is the food liked by the Tamasic.
अर्धपक्व, रसरहित, दुर्गन्धयुक्त, बासी, उच्छिष्ट तथा अपवित्र (अमेध्य) अन्न तामस जनों को प्रिय होता है।।
अफलाकाङ्क्षिभिर्यज्ञो विधिदृष्टो य इज्यते।यष्टव्यमेवेति मनः समाधाय स सात्त्विकः
aphalākāṅkṣhibhir yajño vidhi-driṣhṭo ya ijyate
yaṣhṭavyam eveti manaḥ samādhāya sa sāttvikaḥ
Word by word
aphala-ākāṅkṣhibhiḥ — without expectation of any rewardyajñaḥ — sacrificevidhi-driṣhṭaḥ — that is in accordance with the scriptural injunctionsyaḥ — whichijyate — is performedyaṣhṭavyam-eva-iti — ought to be offeredmanaḥ — mindsamādhāya — with convictionsaḥ — thatsāttvikaḥ — of the nature of goodness
English
That sacrifice which is offered by men without desire for reward, as enjoined by the ordinance (scripture), with a firm faith that doing so is their duty, is Sattvic or pure.
जो यज्ञ शास्त्रविधि से नियन्त्रित किया हुआ तथा जिसे "यह मेरा कर्तव्य है" ऐसा मन का समाधान (निश्चय) कर फल की आकांक्षा नहीं रखने वाले लोगों के द्वारा किया जाता है, वह यज्ञ सात्त्विक है।।
अभिसंधाय तु फलं दम्भार्थमपि चैव यत्।इज्यते भरतश्रेष्ठ तं यज्ञं विद्धि राजसम्
abhisandhāya tu phalaṁ dambhārtham api chaiva yat
ijyate bharata-śhreṣhṭha taṁ yajñaṁ viddhi rājasam
Word by word
abhisandhāya — motivated bytu — butphalam — the resultdambha — prideartham — for the sake ofapi — alsocha — andeva — certainlyyat — that whichijyate — is performedbharata-śhreṣhṭha — Arjun, the best of the Bharatastam — thatyajñam — sacrificeviddhi — knowrājasam — in the mode of passion
English
The sacrifice that is offered, O Arjuna, seeking a reward and for show, know that to be a Rajasic Yajna.
हे भरतश्रेष्ठ अर्जुन ! जो यज्ञ दम्भ के लिए तथा फल की आकांक्षा रख कर किया जाता है, उस यज्ञ को तुम राजस समझो।।
विधिहीनमसृष्टान्नं मन्त्रहीनमदक्षिणम्।श्रद्धाविरहितं यज्ञं तामसं परिचक्षते
vidhi-hīnam asṛiṣhṭānnaṁ mantra-hīnam adakṣhiṇam
śhraddhā-virahitaṁ yajñaṁ tāmasaṁ parichakṣhate
Word by word
vidhi-hīnam — without scriptural directionasṛiṣhṭa-annam — without distribution of prasādammantra-hīnam — with no chanting of the Vedic hymnsadakṣhiṇam — with no remunerations to the priestsśhraddhā — faithvirahitam — withoutyajñam — sacrificetāmasam — in the mode of ignoranceparichakṣhate — is to be considered
English
They declare that sacrifice to be Tamasic which is contrary to the ordinances of the scriptures, in which no food is distributed, and which is devoid of mantras, gifts, and faith.
शास्त्रविधि से रहित, अन्नदान से रहित, बिना मन्त्रों, बिना दक्षिणा और बिना श्रद्धा के किये हुए यज्ञ को तामस यज्ञ कहते हैं।।
देवद्विजगुरुप्राज्ञपूजनं शौचमार्जवम्।ब्रह्मचर्यमहिंसा च शारीरं तप उच्यते
deva-dwija-guru-prājña- pūjanaṁ śhaucham ārjavam
brahmacharyam ahinsā cha śhārīraṁ tapa uchyate
Word by word
deva — the Supreme Lorddwija — the Brahminsguru — the spiritual masterprājña — the elderspūjanam — worshipśhaucham — cleanlinessārjavam — simplicitybrahmacharyam — celibacyahinsā — non-violencecha — andśhārīram — of the bodytapaḥ — austerityuchyate — is declared as
English
Worship of the gods, the twice-born, the teachers, and the wise; purity, straightforwardness, celibacy, and non-injury are all called the austerities of the body.
देव, द्विज (ब्राह्मण), गुरु और ज्ञानी जनों का पूजन, शौच, आर्जव (सरलता), ब्रह्मचर्य और अहिंसा, यह शरीर संबंधी तप कहा जाता है।।
अनुद्वेगकरं वाक्यं सत्यं प्रियहितं च यत्।स्वाध्यायाभ्यसनं चैव वाङ्मयं तप उच्यते
anudvega-karaṁ vākyaṁ satyaṁ priya-hitaṁ cha yat
svādhyāyābhyasanaṁ chaiva vāṅ-mayaṁ tapa uchyate
Word by word
anudvega-karam — not causing distressvākyam — wordssatyam — truthfulpriya- hitam — beneficialcha — andyat — whichsvādhyāya-abhyasanam — recitation of the Vedic scripturescha eva — as well asvāṅ-mayam — of speechtapaḥ — austerityuchyate — are declared as
English
Speech that causes no excitement, is truthful, pleasant, and beneficial; the practice of studying the Vedas is called austerity of speech.
जो वाक्य (भाषण) उद्वेग उत्पन्न करने वाला नहीं है, जो प्रिय, हितकारक और सत्य है तथा वेदों का स्वाध्याय अभ्यास वाङ्मय (वाणी का) तप कहलाता है।।
मनःप्रसादः सौम्यत्वं मौनमात्मविनिग्रहः।भावसंशुद्धिरित्येतत्तपो मानसमुच्यते
manaḥ-prasādaḥ saumyatvaṁ maunam ātma-vinigrahaḥ
bhāva-sanśhuddhir ity etat tapo mānasam uchyate
Word by word
manaḥ-prasādaḥ — serenity of thoughtsaumyatvam — gentlenessmaunam — silenceātma-vinigrahaḥ — self-controlbhāva-sanśhuddhiḥ — purity of purposeiti — thusetat — thesetapaḥ — austeritymānasam — of the minduchyate — are declared as
English
Serenity of mind, good-heartedness, self-control, and purity of nature—this is called mental austerity.
मन की प्रसन्नता, सौम्यभाव, मौन आत्मसंयम और अन्त:करण की शुद्धि यह सब मानस तप कहलाता है।।
श्रद्धया परया तप्तं तपस्तत्ित्रविधं नरैः।अफलाकाङ्क्षिभिर्युक्तैः सात्त्विकं परिचक्षते
śhraddhayā parayā taptaṁ tapas tat tri-vidhaṁ naraiḥ
aphalākāṅkṣhibhir yuktaiḥ sāttvikaṁ parichakṣhate
Word by word
śhraddhayā — with faithparayā — transcendentaltaptam — practicedtapaḥ — austeritytat — thattri-vidham — three-foldnaraiḥ — by personsaphala-ākāṅkṣhibhiḥ — without yearning for material rewardsyuktaiḥ — steadfastsāttvikam — in the mode of goodnessparichakṣhate — are designated
English
This threefold austerity, practiced by steadfast men, with the utmost faith, desiring no reward, is called Sattvic.
फल की आकांक्षा न रखने वाले युक्त पुरुषों के द्वारा परम श्रद्धा से किये गये उस पूर्वोक्त त्रिविध तप को सात्त्विक कहते हैं।।
सत्कारमानपूजार्थं तपो दम्भेन चैव यत्।क्रियते तदिह प्रोक्तं राजसं चलमध्रुवम्
satkāra-māna-pūjārthaṁ tapo dambhena chaiva yat
kriyate tad iha proktaṁ rājasaṁ chalam adhruvam
Word by word
sat-kāra — respectmāna — honorpūjā — adorationartham — for the sake oftapaḥ — austeritydambhena — with ostentationcha — alsoeva — certainlyyat — whichkriyate — is performedtat — thatiha — in this worldproktam — is saidrājasam — in the mode of passionchalam — flickeringadhruvam — temporary
English
The austerity that is practiced with the aim of gaining good reception, honor, and worship, and with hypocrisy, is said to be Rajasic, unstable, and transient.
जो तप सत्कार, मान और पूजा के लिए अथवा केवल दम्भ (पाखण्ड) से ही किया जाता है, वह अनिश्चित और क्षणिक तप यहाँ राजस कहा गया है।।
मूढग्राहेणात्मनो यत्पीडया क्रियते तपः।परस्योत्सादनार्थं वा तत्तामसमुदाहृतम्
mūḍha-grāheṇātmano yat pīḍayā kriyate tapaḥ
parasyotsādanārthaṁ vā tat tāmasam udāhṛitam
Word by word
mūḍha — those with confused notionsgrāheṇa — with endeavorātmanaḥ — one’s own selfyat — whichpīḍayā — torturingkriyate — is performedtapaḥ — austerityparasya — of othersutsādana-artham — for harmingvā — ortat — thattāmasam — in the mode of ignoranceudāhṛitam — is described to be
English
That austerity which is practised out of a foolish notion, with self-torture, or for the purpose of destroying another, is declared to be of the Tamasic nature.
जो तप मूढ़तापूर्वक स्वयं को पीड़ित करते हुए अथवा अन्य लोगों के नाश के लिए किया जाता है, वह तप तामस कहा गया है।।
दातव्यमिति यद्दानं दीयतेऽनुपकारिणे।देशे काले च पात्रे च तद्दानं सात्त्विकं स्मृतम्
dātavyam iti yad dānaṁ dīyate ‘nupakāriṇe
deśhe kāle cha pātre cha tad dānaṁ sāttvikaṁ smṛitam
Word by word
dātavyam — worthy of charityiti — thusyat — whichdānam — charitydīyate — is givenanupakāriṇe — to one who cannot give in returndeśhe — in the proper placekāle — at the proper timecha — andpātre — to a worthy personcha — andtat — thatdānam — charitysāttvikam — in the mode of goodnesssmṛitam — is stated to be
English
That gift which is given to one who does nothing in return, knowing it to be a duty to give in a suitable place and time to a worthy person, is held to be Sattvic.
"दान देना ही कर्तव्य है" - इस भाव से जो दान योग्य देश, काल को देखकर ऐसे (योग्य) पात्र (व्यक्ति) को दिया जाता है, जिससे प्रत्युपकार की अपेक्षा नहीं होती है, वह दान सात्त्विक माना गया है।।
यत्तु प्रत्युपकारार्थं फलमुद्दिश्य वा पुनः।दीयते च परिक्लिष्टं तद्दानं राजसं स्मृतम्
yat tu pratyupakārārthaṁ phalam uddiśhya vā punaḥ
dīyate cha parikliṣhṭaṁ tad dānaṁ rājasaṁ smṛitam
Word by word
yat — whichtu — butprati-upakāra-artham — with the hope of a returnphalam — rewarduddiśhya — expectationvā — orpunaḥ — againdīyate — is givencha — andparikliṣhṭam — reluctantlytat — thatdānam — charityrājasam — in the mode of passionsmṛitam — is said to be
English
And, that gift which is given with the intention of receiving something in return, or expecting a reward, or begrudgingly, is considered to be Rajasic.
और जो दान क्लेशपूर्वक तथा प्रत्युपकार के उद्देश्य से अथवा फल की कामना रखकर दिया जाता हैं, वह दान राजस माना गया है।।
अदेशकाले यद्दानमपात्रेभ्यश्च दीयते।असत्कृतमवज्ञातं तत्तामसमुदाहृतम्
adeśha-kāle yad dānam apātrebhyaśh cha dīyate
asat-kṛitam avajñātaṁ tat tāmasam udāhṛitam
Word by word
adeśha — at the wrong placekāle — at the wrong timeyat — whichdānam — charityapātrebhyaḥ — to unworthy personscha — anddīyate — is givenasat-kṛitam — without respectavajñātam — with contempttat — thattāmasam — of the nature of nescienceudāhṛitam — is held to be
English
The gift that is given in the wrong place and at the wrong time, to unworthy persons, without respect or with insult, is declared to be of a Tamasic nature.
जो दान बिना सत्कार किये, अथवा तिरस्कारपूर्वक, अयोग्य देशकाल में, कुपात्रों के लिए दिया जाता है, वह दान तामस माना गया है।।
तत्सदिति निर्देशो ब्रह्मणस्त्रिविधः स्मृतः।ब्राह्मणास्तेन वेदाश्च यज्ञाश्च विहिताः पुरा
oṁ tat sad iti nirdeśho brahmaṇas tri-vidhaḥ smṛitaḥ
brāhmaṇās tena vedāśh cha yajñāśh cha vihitāḥ purā
Word by word
om tat sat — syllables representing aspects of transcendenceiti — thusnirdeśhaḥ — symbolic representativesbrahmaṇaḥ — the Supreme Absolute Truthtri-vidhaḥ — of three kindssmṛitaḥ — have been declaredbrāhmaṇāḥ — the prieststena — from themvedāḥ — scripturescha — andyajñāḥ — sacrificecha — andvihitāḥ — came aboutpurā — from the beginning of creation
English
"Om Tat Sat": This has been declared to be the triple designation of Brahman. By that, the Brahmanas, the Vedas, and the sacrifices were created formerly.
'ऊँ, तत् सत्' ऐसा यह ब्रह्म का त्रिविध निर्देश (नाम) कहा गया है; उसी से आदिकाल में (पुरा) ब्राहम्ण, वेद और यज्ञ निर्मित हुए हैं।।
तस्मादोमित्युदाहृत्य यज्ञदानतपःक्रियाः।प्रवर्तन्ते विधानोक्ताः सततं ब्रह्मवादिनाम्
tasmād oṁ ity udāhṛitya yajña-dāna-tapaḥ-kriyāḥ
pravartante vidhānoktāḥ satataṁ brahma-vādinām
Word by word
tasmāt — thereforeom — sacred syllable omiti — thusudāhṛitya — by utteringyajña — sacrificedāna — charitytapaḥ — penancekriyāḥ — performingpravartante — beginvidhāna-uktāḥ — according to the prescriptions of Vedic injunctionssatatam — alwaysbrahma-vādinām — expounders of the Vedas
English
Therefore, with the utterance of "Om," the acts of sacrifice, gift, and austerity, as enjoined in the scriptures, are always begun by the students of Brahman.
इसलिए, ब्रह्मवादियों की शास्त्र प्रतिपादित यज्ञ, दान और तप की क्रियायें सदैव ओंकार के उच्चारण के साथ प्रारम्भ होती हैं।।
तदित्यनभिसन्धाय फलं यज्ञतपःक्रियाः।दानक्रियाश्च विविधाः क्रियन्ते मोक्षकाङ्क्षि
tad ity anabhisandhāya phalaṁ yajña-tapaḥ-kriyāḥ
dāna-kriyāśh cha vividhāḥ kriyante mokṣha-kāṅkṣhibhiḥ
Word by word
tat — the syllable Tatiti — thusanabhisandhāya — without desiringphalam — fruitive rewardsyajña — sacrificetapaḥ — austeritykriyāḥ — actsdāna — charitykriyāḥ — actscha — andvividhāḥ — variouskriyante — are donemokṣha-kāṅkṣhibhiḥ — by seekers of freedom from material entanglements
English
Uttering "Tat," without aiming for the fruits, are the acts of sacrifice, austerity, and the various acts of gifts performed by those seeking liberation.
'तत्' शब्द का उच्चारण कर, फल की इच्छा नहीं रखते हुए, मुमुक्षुजन यज्ञ, तप, दान आदि विविध कर्म करते हैं।।
सद्भावे साधुभावे च सदित्येतत्प्रयुज्यते।प्रशस्ते कर्मणि तथा सच्छब्दः पार्थ युज्यते
sad-bhāve sādhu-bhāve cha sad ity etat prayujyate
praśhaste karmaṇi tathā sach-chhabdaḥ pārtha yujyate
Word by word
sat-bhāve — with the intention of eternal existence and goodnesssādhu-bhāve — with auspicious intentioncha — alsosat — the syllable Satiti — thusetat — thisprayujyate — is usedpraśhaste — auspiciouskarmaṇi — actiontathā — alsosat-śhabdaḥ — the word “Sat”pārtha — Arjun, the son of Prithayujyate — is used
English
The word "Sat" is used to refer to reality and goodness; likewise, O Arjuna, the word "Sat" is used to refer to an auspicious act.
हे पार्थ ! सत्य भाव व साधुभाव में 'सत्' शब्द का प्रयोग किया जाता है, और प्रशस्त (श्रेष्ठ, शुभ) कर्म में 'सत्' शब्द प्रयुक्त होता है।।
यज्ञे तपसि दाने च स्थितिः सदिति चोच्यते।कर्म चैव तदर्थीयं सदित्येवाभिधीयते
yajñe tapasi dāne cha sthitiḥ sad iti chochyate
karma chaiva tad-arthīyaṁ sad ity evābhidhīyate
Word by word
yajñe — in sacrificetapasi — in penancedāne — in charitycha — andsthitiḥ — established in steadinesssat — the syllable Satiti — thuscha — anduchyate — is pronouncedkarma — actioncha — andeva — indeedtat-arthīyam — for such purposessat — the syllable Satiti — thuseva — indeedabhidhīyate — is described
English
Steadfastness in sacrifice, austerity, and gift is also called 'Sat', and action in connection with these, or for the sake of the Supreme, is also called 'Sat'.
यज्ञ, तप और दान में दृढ़ स्थिति भी सत् कही जाती है, और उस (परमात्मा) के लिए किया गया कर्म भी सत् ही कहलाता है।।
अश्रद्धया हुतं दत्तं तपस्तप्तं कृतं च यत्।असदित्युच्यते पार्थ न च तत्प्रेत्य नो इह
aśhraddhayā hutaṁ dattaṁ tapas taptaṁ kṛitaṁ cha yat
asad ity uchyate pārtha na cha tat pretya no iha
Word by word
aśhraddhayā — without faithhutam — sacrificedattam — charitytapaḥ — penancetaptam — practicedkṛitam — donecha — andyat — whichasat — perishableiti — thusuchyate — are termed aspārtha — Arjun, the son of Prithana — notcha — andtat — thatpretya — in the next worldna u — notiha — in this world
English
Whatever is sacrificed, given, or performed, and whatever austerity is practiced without faith, it is called 'Asat', O Arjuna; it is of no value here or hereafter (after death).
हे पार्थ ! जो यज्ञ, दान, तप और कर्म अश्रद्धापूर्वक किया जाता है, वह 'असत्' कहा जाता है; वह न इस लोक में (इह) और न मरण के पश्चात् (उस लोक में) लाभदायक होता है।।
Sanskrit, transliteration and word meanings from the open Bhagavad Gita dataset (github.com/gita/gita). English translation: Swami Sivananda. Hindi translation: Swami Tejomayananda.
